Optical member, method of fabricating the same and liquid crystal display apparatus having the same

ABSTRACT

In an LCD apparatus having an optical member, the optical member has a base body having a light incident surface and a light emitting surface faced the light incident surface. A first resin layer is formed on the light emitting surface and a light diffusing pattern is uniformly formed on the first resin layer so as to diffuse a first light and emit a second light. Accordingly, the LCD apparatus can improve display quality and can be fabricated in low-cost manufacture. Also, since the light diffusing pattern is formed with a curable material, the light diffusing pattern can have various shapes and superior reproducibility.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application relies for priority upon Korean Patent Application No.2002-60804 filed on Oct. 5, 2002, the contents of which are hereinincorporated by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an optical member, a method offabricating the same and an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) apparatushaving the same, and more particularly to an optical member that hashigh display quality and may be manufactured at a low-cost, a method offabricating the same and an LCD apparatus having the same.

2. Description of the Related Art

An LCD apparatus typically displays images using liquid crystals. Liquidcrystals that are used in LCD apparatuses change theirarrangement/orientation according to an electrical field that is appliedto the liquid crystals, and the arrangement/orientation of the liquidcrystals affects the light transmittance through a layer of liquidcrystals.

In order to display an image using liquid crystals, an LCD apparatusincludes a light supply module for generating light and a display modulefor changing the light emitted from the light supply module into imagelight having image information.

The LCD apparatus further includes a module for changing a lightdistribution of the light emitted from the light supply module orimproving brightness of the light emitted from the light supply module.The module is disposed between the light supply module and the displaymodule.

In detail, the module includes a light guide plate, a diffusion sheetand a prism sheet. The light guide plate changes the light distributionof a line light source emitted from the light supply module into a lightdistribution of a surface light source. The diffusion sheet is disposedon the light guide plate and allows the light emitted from the lightguide plate to have a uniform brightness distribution. The diffusionsheet includes beads distributed on a transparent substrate so as toscatter or diffuse the light emitted from the light guide plate.

However, beads may be nonuniformly distributed on the diffusion sheetsince beads are very minute. In case that beads are nonuniformlydistributed, the brightness distribution of the light emitted from thediffusion sheet is not uniform, thereby deteriorating display quality ofLCD apparatus.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides an optical member for generating lighthaving a uniform brightness distribution.

Also, the present invention provides a method of fabricating the aboveoptical member.

Also, the present invention provides an LCD apparatus having the aboveoptical member.

In one aspect of the invention, an optical member includes a base bodyand a light diffusing layer formed on the base body.

The base body has a light incident surface for receiving a first lightand a light emitting surface for emitting the first light, which facesthe light incident surface. The light diffusing layer has a first resinlayer disposed on the light emitting surface and a light diffusingpattern disposed on the first resin layer so as to diffuse the firstlight emitted from the light emitting surface and to emit a secondlight.

In another aspect of the invention, in a method of fabricating anoptical member, a first resin layer is formed on a light emittingsurface of a base body having a light incident surface for receiving afirst light and the light emitting surface for emitting the first light,which faces the light incident surface. A light diffusing pattern havinga hemispherical shape is formed on the first resin layer so as todiffuse the first light emitted from the light emitting surface and toemit a second light, the light diffusing pattern having a hemisphericalshape. The first resin layer is cured through a curing process.

In further aspect of the invention, an LCD apparatus includes a lightsupply module for generating a first light, an optical member fordiffusing the first light and emitting a second light and an LCD panelassembly for displaying an image using the second light.

The optical member includes a base body having a light incident surfacefor receiving the first light and a light emitting surface facing thelight incident surface, a first resin layer formed on the light emittingsurface, and a light diffusing layer having a light diffusing patternformed on the first resin layer, for diffusing the first light emittedfrom the light emitting surface and emitting a second light.

According to the present invention, the light diffusing pattern formedon the optical member changes a light having a nonuniform brightnessdistribution into a light having a uniform brightness distribution.Thus, the LCD apparatus having the optical member can improve displayquality and can be fabricated at a low-cost since the optical memberdoes not need beads.

Also, since the light diffusing pattern is formed with a curablematerial, the light diffusing pattern can have various shapes andsuperior reproducibility.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other advantages of the present invention will becomereadily apparent by reference to the following detailed description whenconsidered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an optical member according to anexemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 2A and 2B are views showing a base body shown in FIG. 1;

FIGS. 3A and 3B are graphs showing heat properties of a base body shownin FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines A-A′ for showingan optical member shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view showing a portion “B” in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a scanning-electron-microscopy (SEM) specimen showing a lightdiffusing pattern according to an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIGS. 7A to 7D are views for illustrating a method of fabricating anoptical member according to an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIGS. 8A to 8C are views for illustrating a method of fabricating anoptical member according to another exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIGS. 9A to 9E are views for illustrating a method of manufacturing aroller according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;and

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing an LCD apparatus according to anexemplary embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an optical member according to anexemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, an optical member 100 includes an optical sheetthat changes light having a nonuniform brightness distribution intolight having a uniform brightness distribution. For this purpose, theoptical member 100 includes a base body 110 and a light diffusing layer150.

The base body 110 has a shape of a rectangular plate or a rectangularsheet having a length longer than a width thereof and comprisespolyester having a high light transmittance.

FIG. 2A is a plan view showing the base body 110 shown in FIG. 1, andFIG. 2B is a sectional view showing the base body 110 shown in FIG. 1.

Referring to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the base body 110 includes a first surface111, a second surface 112, a third surface 113, a fourth surface 114, alight incident surface 115 and a light emitting surface 116.

Particularly, the first and second surfaces 111 and 112 face the thirdand fourth surfaces 113 and 114, respectively, and the light incidentsurface 115 faces the light emitting surface 116. The first to fourthsurfaces 111, 112, 113 and 114 are connected between the light incidentsurface 115 and the light emitting surface 116. The base body 110 hashigh light transmittance so as to emit a first light 510 that isincident through the light incident surface 115 without changing opticalproperties of the first light 510.

The base body 110 may have various shapes in association with aninstallation position of a light source (not shown) that emits the firstlight 510. The base body 110 may be deformed by heat generated from thelight source (not shown) and the heat generated from the light source(not shown) may cause wrinkle on the base body 110. As a result, thebase body 110 wrinkled by the heat deteriorates display quality of theLCD apparatus.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are graphs showing heat properties of the base body 110shown in FIG. 1.

In FIG. 3A, a graph GA represents a length variation of the base body110 while the base body 110 is heated and a graph GB represents a lengthvariation of the base body 110 while the base body 110 is cooled.

As shown in FIG. 3A, when the base body 110 is successively heated fromtemperature “A” to temperature “B”, the base body 110 is expanded alongthe graph GA as represented in quadratic curve. The base body 110 issuccessively expanded while the temperature “A” reaches the temperature“B” and contracted while the temperature “B” reaches temperature “C”even though the temperature “B” rises to the temperature “C”, so theexpanded length of the base body 110 is longest at the temperature “B”.

When the base body 110 is successively cooled from the temperature “C”to the temperature “A”, the base body 110 has a length different from alength before the base body 110 is heated. The difference between theexpanded length and the contracted length of the base body 110 is asshown in reference numeral “L” of FIG. 3A. This means that the base body110 is permanently deformed when the temperature applied to the basebody 110 exceeds a specified temperature.

As the size of LCD apparatuses become larger, the lamp(s) used for theLCD apparatuses have become longer. The longer lamps generate more heat,and sometimes this increased heat is sufficient to cause wrinkles toform in the base body 110 in the LCD apparatus.

Referring to FIG. 3B, when the heat-treated base body 110 issuccessively heated from the temperature “A” to the temperature “C”, thebase body 110 is expanded in proportion to the temperature raised fromthe temperature “A” to the temperature “C”. On the contrary, when theheat-treated base body 110 is cooled from the temperature “C” to thetemperature “A”, the length of the base body 110 returns to an initialstate before the base body 110 is heated. That is, the expanded lengthof the base body 110 is identical to the contracted length of the basebody 110.

The heat-treated base body 110 that comprises polyester does not wrinkleby the heat generated from the lamp, thereby preventing thedeterioration of display quality of the LCD apparatus. As shown in FIG.1, the light diffusing layer 150 is disposed on the heat-treated basebody 110.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines A-A′ for showingan optical member shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a partially enlargedview showing a portion “B” shown in FIG. 4.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the light diffusing layer 150 is disposed onthe light emitting surface 116 of the base body 110. The light diffusinglayer 150 includes a first resin layer 130 and a light diffusing pattern135.

The first resin layer 130 may be comprised of a curable material that isgradually cured in accordance with the passage of time or rapidly curedunder a specified condition.

In this exemplary embodiment, the first resin layer 130 is rapidly curedunder the specified condition. That is, the first resin layer 130 iscured by exposure to ultraviolet rays, so the first resin layer 130includes an ultraviolet-curable material.

Also, an expansion ratio and a contraction ratio of the first resinlayer 130 are identical to those of the heat-treated base body 110 asdescribed above. If the expansion ratio and contraction ratio of thefirst resin layer 130 are not identical to those of the heat-treatedbase body 110, the first resin layer 130 attached on the heat-treatedbase body 110 may be cracked or torn while the heat-treated base body110 is expanded or contracted by the heat generated from the lamp.

FIG. 6 is a scanning-electron-microscopy (SEM) specimen showing a lightdiffusing pattern according to an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention.

Referring to FIG. 6, the light diffusing pattern 135 is formed on asurface of the first resin layer 130 by using a stamp method.

The light diffusing pattern 135 has a hemispherical shape uniformlyformed on the surface of the first resin layer 130. The first light 510passing through the base body 110 reaches the light diffusing pattern135 and is diffused while passing through a spherical surface of thelight diffusing pattern 135. Hereinafter, the first light 510 diffusedby the light diffusing pattern 135 is defined as a second light 420.

In this exemplary embodiment, with consideration for using the stampmethod so as to form the light diffusing pattern 135, the lightdiffusing pattern 135 may have various shapes, for example, such as aconvex pyramid, a concave hemisphere or a concave pyramid.

As shown in FIG. 5, the optical member 100 further includes a layer 140having a second resin layer 142 disposed on the light incident surface115 and a protrusion 144 disposed on the second resin layer 142 so as toprevent the second resin layer 142 from making contact with a memberadjacent to the optical member 100.

The second resin layer 142 is comprised of the curable material that isgradually cured in accordance with the passage of time or rapidly curedunder the specified condition. In this exemplary embodiment, the secondresin layer 142 includes the ultraviolet-curable material so as to becured by exposure to ultraviolet rays.

Also, an expansion ratio and a contraction ratio of the second resinlayer 142 are identical to those of the heat-treated base body 110. Ifthe expansion ratio and contraction ratio of the second resin layer 142are not identical to those of the heat-treated base body 110, the secondresin layer 142 attached on the heat-treated base body 110 may becracked or torn while the heat-treated base body 110 is expanded orcontracted by the heat generated from the lamp.

Furthermore, an expansion ratio and a contraction ratio of the secondresin layer 142 are identical to those of the first resin layer 130. Ifthe expansion ratio and contraction ratio of the second resin layer 142are not identical to those of the first resin layer 130, the base body110 may be bent due to differences of the expansion and contractionratios between the first and second resin layers 130 and 142 while thebase body 110 is expanded or contracted.

The protrusion 144 is formed on a surface of the second resin layer 142in a matrix configuration and protruded from the surface of the secondresin layer 142. The protrusion 144 may have various shapes, forexample, such as a hemispherical shape and a polygonal shape since theprotrusion 144 is formed using the stamp method.

Hereinafter, a method of fabricating the optical member according to anexemplary embodiment of the present invention will be illustrated withreference to the accompanying drawings.

FIGS. 7A to 7D are views for illustrating a method of fabricating anoptical member according to an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention.

Referring to FIG. 7A, the base body 110 is selectively heat-treatedaccording to a material contained into the base body 110 before formingthe first resin layer 130 (see FIG. 7B) thereon. That is, the heattreatment with respect to the base body 110 is selectively performedwhen the expansion ratio and the contraction ratio are not identical toeach other.

Referring to FIG. 7B, the first resin layer 130 is formed on the lightemitting surface 116 of the base body 110 in a thin film. In thisexemplary embodiment, the first resin layer 130 includes the curablematerial cured by exposure to the ultraviolet rays.

Referring to FIG. 7C, a first roller 370, on which a first transferpattern 130 having a hemispherical shape that is reversed with respectto the light diffusing pattern 135 (see FIG. 4) is formed, is disposedon the first resin layer 130. The first roller 370 is rolled along thesurface of the first resin layer 130 so as to form the light diffusingpattern 135 on the first resin layer 130. After the light diffusingpattern 135 is formed on the first resin layer 130 by rolling the firstroller 370, the first resin layer 130 and the light diffusing pattern135 formed on the first resin layer are exposed to the ultraviolet rays,thereby curing the first resin layer 130 and the light diffusing pattern135.

Referring to FIG. 7D, after curing the first resin layer 130 and thelight diffusing pattern 135, the second resin layer 140 having thecurable material cured by exposure to the ultraviolet rays is formed onthe light incident surface 115 of the base body 110. A second roller380, on which a second transfer pattern 385 having a reversed shape withrespect to the protrusion 144 is formed, is disposed on the second resinlayer 140. The second roller 380 is rolled along the surface of thesecond resin layer 140 so as to form the protrusion 144 on the surfaceof the second resin layer 140, thereby preventing the base body 110 frommaking contact with a member adjacent to the base body 110, for example,such as a light guide plate (not shown). The second resin layer 140 andthe protrusion 144 are cured by exposure to the ultraviolet rays.

FIGS. 8A to 8C are views for illustrating a method of fabricating anoptical member according to another exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention.

Referring to FIG. 8A, a first resin layer 130 is formed on a lightemitting surface 116 of a base body 110 and a second resin layer 140 isformed on a light incident surface 115. In this exemplary embodiment,the first and second resin layers 130 and 140 include a curable materialcured by exposure to an ultraviolet rays.

Referring to FIGS. 8B and 8C, a first roller 370 is disposed on thefirst resin layer 130 and a second roller 380 is disposed on the secondresin layer 140.

The first roller 370 includes a first transfer pattern 375 which isclosely formed on the first rolled 370 and the second roller 380includes a second transfer pattern 385 which is separated from eachother in a predetermined distance. The first and second transferpatterns 375 and 385 has a hemispherical shape that is reversed withrespect to a light diffusing pattern 135 and a protrusion 145,respectively (see FIG. 8C).

The first roller 370 is rolled along a surface of the first resin layer130 so as to form the light diffusing pattern 135 on the first resinlayer 130 and the second roller 380 is rolled along a surface of thesecond resin layer 140 so as to form the protrusion 145 on the secondresin layer 140, respectively. The light diffusing pattern 135 and theprotrusion 145 may be formed by transferring the base body 110 to bepassed between the first and second rollers 370 and 380.

After the light diffusing pattern 135 and the protrusion 145 are formedon the first and second resin layers 130 and 140, respectively, thefirst resin layer 130 and the second resin layer 140 are exposed to theultraviolet rays, so the first resin layer 130 on which the lightdiffusing pattern 135 is formed and the second resin layer 140 on whichthe protrusion 145 is formed are cured.

Hereinafter, a method of fabricating a roller according to an exemplaryembodiment of the present invention will be described with reference tothe accompanying drawings.

FIGS. 9A to 9E are views for illustrating a method of manufacturing aroller according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9A, a first photoresist layer 310 is coated on a firstsubstrate 300 by using a spin coating method.

Then, a pattern mask 330 is aligned with the first photoresist layer310. The pattern mask 330 includes a chrome layer 332 that is partiallyopened corresponding to positions on which a light diffusing pattern(not shown) is formed. A light 335 is provided to the pattern mask 330aligned with the first photoresist layer 310.

The light 335 provided to the pattern mask 330 is supplied to the firstphotoresist layer 310 passing through the opening portion 334 of thechrome layer 332 so as to partially expose the first photoresist layer310.

Referring to FIG. 9B, partially exposed portions of the firstphotoresist layer 310 by the light 335 supplied through the pattern mask330 is removed through a developing process, thereby forming a secondphotoresist layer 317 on which a first pattern 315 having size identicalto and shape that is reversed with respect to that of the lightdiffusing pattern 135 is formed.

Referring to FIG. 9C, a metal layer 340 is formed on the secondphotoresist layer 317 by using a sputtering method, on which the firstpattern 315 is formed. The metal layer 340 has a second pattern 345having size and shape identical to those of the light diffusing pattern135 by means of the first pattern 315 of the second photoresist layer317.

The second photoresist layer 317 formed under the metal layer 340 isremoved through an ashing process and the metal layer 340 is separatedfrom the second photoresist layer 317.

The separated metal layer 340 is attached on a second substrate 350 asshown in FIG. 9D and a synthetic resin layer 360 is coated over thesecond pattern 345 of the metal layer 340. In this exemplary embodiment,the synthetic resin layer 360 is preferably coated over the secondpattern 345 without a void space between the synthetic resin layer 360and the second pattern 345 of the metal layer 340.

By coating the synthetic resin layer 360 over the second pattern 345 ofthe metal layer 340, a third pattern 365 is formed on the syntheticresin layer 360. The third pattern 365 has a reversed shape with respectto the light diffusing pattern 135 and is named as a transfer patternhereinafter.

Referring to FIG. 9E, the synthetic resin layer 360, on which thetransfer pattern 365 is formed, is attached along an outer surface ofthe first roller 370. The light diffusing pattern 135 of the first resinlayer 130 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present inventionis formed by using the first roller 370 having the transfer pattern 365.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing an LCD apparatus according to anexemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 10, an LCD apparatus 700 includes a light supplymodule 500, a light adjusting module 400 and a display module 600.

The light supply module 500 includes at least one CCFL (Cold CathodeFluorescent Lamp) so as to emit the first light 510 needed to displaythe image. The first light 510 emitted from the light supply module 500is supplied to the light adjusting module 400.

The light adjusting module 400 includes at least two optical members 100and 200.

In this exemplary embodiment, the light adjusting module 400 includes adiffusing sheet 100 and a prism sheet 200. The diffusing sheet 100changes a brightness distribution of the first light 510 so as to emitthe second light 420 having a uniform brightness distribution. The prismsheet 200 receives the second light 420 provided from the diffusingsheet 100 and changes directions of the second light 420 so as to emit athird light 430. The diffusing sheet 100 has a same structure as theoptical sheet (see FIG. 4) and is fabricated through a same process asthe optical sheet (see FIGS. 7A to 7D), so a method of fabricating thediffusing sheet 100 will be omitted in detail.

The display module 600 receives the third light 430 provided from theprism sheet 200 and emits an image light 610 having image information.

In this exemplary embodiment, the display module 600 is an LCD panelthat displays the image information using a liquid crystal. The LCDpanel may have various shapes so as to display the image informationusing the liquid crystal.

Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention have beendescribed, it is understood that the present invention should not belimited to these exemplary embodiments but various changes andmodifications can be made by one ordinary skilled in the art within thespirit and scope of the present invention as hereinafter claimed.

1. An optical member comprising: a base body having a light incidentsurface for receiving a first light and a light emitting surface foremitting the first light, the base body being substantially free ofparticles; and a light diffusing layer having a first resin layerdisposed on the light emitting surface and a light diffusing patterndisposed on the first resin layer so as to diffuse the first lightemitted from the light emitting surface and to emit a second light,wherein the light diffusing layer is substantially free of particles andmakes direct contact with the base body; wherein the light diffusingpattern disposed on the first resin layer includes a substantiallyhemispherical shape.
 2. The optical member of claim 1, wherein the basebody is heat-treated so as to prevent wrinkling of the base body.
 3. Theoptical member of claim 2, wherein an expansion ratio of the base bodywhile the base body is heat-treated is identical to a contraction ratioof the base body while the base body is cooled.
 4. The optical member ofclaim 1, wherein the first resin layer comprises an ultraviolet-curablematerial.
 5. The optical member of claim 1, wherein the base bodycomprises an expansion ratio and a contraction ratio identical to thoseof the first resin layer.
 6. The optical member of claim 1, furthercomprising a second resin layer disposed on the light incident surfaceand a layer having a protrusion disposed on the second resin layer so asto prevent the second resin layer from making contact with an adjacentmember.
 7. The optical member of claim 6, wherein the second resin layercomprises an ultraviolet-curable material.
 8. The optical member ofclaim 6, wherein the base body comprises an expansion ratio and acontraction ratio identical to those of the second resin layer.
 9. Theoptical member of claim 6, wherein the second resin layer has aplurality of protrusions spaced apart from each other.
 10. The opticalmember of claim 6, wherein the protrusion is part of a protrusionpattern formed on the second resin layer.
 11. The optical member ofclaim 1, wherein the first resin layer is a thin film.
 12. A method offabricating an optical member, comprising: heat-treating a base body toprevent the base body from wrinkling, wherein the base body issubstantially free of particles; forming a substantially flat firstresin layer directly on a light emitting surface of the base body, thebase body having a light incident surface for receiving a first lightand the light emitting surface for emitting the first light; forming alight diffusing pattern on the first resin layer so as to diffuse thefirst light emitted from the light emitting surface and to emit a secondlight, the light diffusing pattern having a substantially hemisphericalshape; and curing the first resin layer.
 13. The method of claim 12,wherein forming the light diffusing pattern comprises rolling a rolleron which a transfer pattern having a reversed shape with respect to thelight diffusing pattern is formed along the first resin layer so as toform the light diffusing pattern on the first resin layer.
 14. Themethod of claim 12, wherein curing the first resin layer comprisesirradiating an ultraviolet-ray onto the first resin layer formed on thelight emitting surface so as to cure the first resin layer.
 15. Themethod of claim 12, further comprising: forming a second resin layer onthe light incident surface; forming a protrusion pattern on the secondresin layer; and curing the second resin layer.
 16. The method of claim15, wherein curing the second resin layer comprises irradiating anultraviolet-ray onto the second resin layer.
 17. The method of claim 15,wherein the forming of the protrusion comprises forming a plurality ofprotrusions spaced apart from each other.
 18. The method of claim 12,wherein the first resin layer is a thin film.
 19. A method offabricating an optical member having a base body that diffuses a firstlight incident Through a light incident surface thereof and emits asecond light through a light emitting surface thereof, comprising:heat-treating the base body to prevent the wrinkling of the base body,wherein the base body is substantially free of particles; forming afirst substantially flat curable resin layer directly on the lightemitting surface; forming a second substantially flat curable resinlayer on the light incident surface; forming a light diffusing patternon the first curable resin layer so as to diffuse the first lightemitted form the light emitting surface and to emit the second light,the light diffusing pattern having a substantially hemispherical shape;forming a protrusion pattern on the second curable resin layer so as toprevent the second curable resin layer from making contact with anadjacent member; and curing the first and second curable resin layers.20. The method of claim 19, wherein the first curable resin layer is athin film.
 21. The method of claim 19, wherein the forming of theprotrusion comprises forming a plurality of protrusions spaced apartfrom each other.
 22. An LCD apparatus comprising: a light supply modulefor generating a first light; an optical member including a base that issubstantially free of particles having a light incident surface forreceiving the first light and a light emitting surface, a first resinlayer formed on the light emitting surface as a thin film having asubstantially flat surface, and a light diffusing layer having a lightdiffusing pattern formed on the first resin layer, wherein the lightdiffusing layer Is substantially free of particles for diffusing thefirst light emitted from the light emitting surface and emitting asecond light, and wherein the light diffusing layer makes direct contactwith the base, and wherein the light diffusing pattern has asubstantially hemispherical shape; a second resin layer formed on thelight incident surface; a protrusion pattern formed on the second resinlayer to prevent the second resin layer from making contact with anadjacent member; and an LCD panel assembly disposed at a pathway of thesecond light for changing the second light into an image light havingimage information.
 23. The LCD apparatus of claim 22, whereinprotrusions of the protrusion pattern are spaced apart from each other.